How to spot the Smalltooth sand tiger shark when scuba diving
Odontaspis ferox
Disjunct global distribution with populations in the western and eastern Atlantic (where they're known as sand tiger sharks), the Mediterranean, and the Indo-Pacific regions. Major populations in eastern Australia, South Africa, and the eastern USA. Found primarily in warm-temperate and subtropical waters (not truly tropical).
In Australia, best season depends on location: winter months (June-August) for northern sites like Wolf Rock and South Solitary Island; summer months (December-March) for southern sites like Magic Point and Bass Point. In South Africa, more common in summer months (November-April). Generally encounterable year-round at established aggregation sites.
Prefer temperate to warm waters, generally 16-23°C (60-75°F), though they can tolerate a wider range.
Frequently found around rocky reefs, caves, gutters (underwater canyons), and sandy bottoms, typically at depths of 10-40m. Known to aggregate at specific sites. Key locations for encounters include: Eastern Australia (Magic Point/Sydney, Wolf Rock/Queensland, Fish Rock/NSW, South Solitary Islands); South Africa (Aliwal Shoal, Protea Banks); Eastern USA/Atlantic (North Carolina wrecks, especially during summer). They have a fearsome appearance but are actually docile. Maintain respectful distance, avoid rapid movements, and never block cave entrances or exit routes.
Worldwide observation of the Smalltooth sand tiger shark
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Data sources
- Photos: Wikimedia Commons
- Distribution and specie data: GBIF (Global Biodiversity Information Facility)
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